What is cancer?
This disease occurs due to the growth of abnormal cells are uncontrolled, leading to normal body tissues are damaged. Basically, the human body is composed of trillions of cells scattered in every organ and parts. Cancer cells that would spread and reproduce itself into new cells . While the cells that are old, unhealthy, and not functioning again would die naturally.
While cancer cells do not die by itself. These cells will continue to multiply until the amount already could not be controlled any longer. This change can trigger the appearance of cancer cells.
Compared to the body's cells, cancer cells have an awful lot of difference. These cells are able to grow aggressively and spread to other parts of the body to form a new network. Cancer cells also can not dead and damaged by itself.
Cancer can appear on any part of the body because of the origin of cells in the human body. Then, there are lots of different types of cancer that is found in humans. It was reported that there are over 200 different types of cancer.
How common is cancer?
This disease can strike anyone indiscriminately. Ranging from toddlers to seniors, women as well as men, even those who are healthy enough his lifestyle. This can be controlled by reducing your risk factors. Please discuss with your doctor for more information.
Signs & symptoms
What are the signs and symptoms of cancer?
Here are some of the symptoms of cancer that should not be ignored:
1. Unusual lumps appear
The most typical cancer symptom is the appearance of uncommon tumor lumps. If you find a lump that grows rapidly in a short time and shaped the unnatural, this could be a symptom of breast cancer.
In addition to the lump in the breast, it also can appear on any part of the body. Therefore, if you find any lumps or bumps that are experiencing changes in your body, check with your doctor as soon as possible.
2. Changes in the skin
If you suspect a change of size, shape, or color of a mole are not reasonable, beware of the symptoms of skin cancer. To ensure that all changes that occur on your skin rather than the symptoms of the disease, immediately consult a doctor for a thorough inspection.
You should also check your own skin regularly to find out whether or not there is strange-looking growth on the skin.
3. Problems in the lymph nodes
Lymph nodes are small chain-shaped structure resembling red beans that hold a major role in the human immune system. So, when there is an infection, the lymph nodes will swell to give signs.
Therefore, the swollen lymph nodes need to look out for because it can be a sign of cancer, such as leukemia and lymphoma. This has many glands in the neck, inner thighs, armpits, around the bowel, and between the lungs.
4. Weight down without cause
It is normal if you are experiencing weight loss due to being on a diet. But if your weight loss occurs without an obvious cause, you need to be alert.
Weight loss may be a symptom of cancer of the colon, pancreas, or other digestive. Not only that, but the weight suddenly can also be a sign of this disease that can spread to the liver so that it will affect the appetite and the ability of your body to release the food waste in the body.
5. Prolonged cough or tightness
Most coughing may not need to look out for. However, if you experience coughing does not heal, happened in a long time and is accompanied by shortness of breath or blood, you must be alert. Because this can be dangerous because it indicates that your lung problem. In the worst-case scenario, you're experiencing could be lung cancer.
Therefore, when you are exposed to a prolonged cough, go to the health center to perform an x-ray or CT scan of the chest.
6. Pain without a cause
If your pain is a result of physical injury, this may not be a serious problem. However, if you experience pain and without cause should be wary.
Depending on the location of pain, there are many different types of this disease. Headaches that never fully recovered despite already undergoing treatment can be a symptom of brain cancer.
7. Abnormal bleeding
Abnormal bleeding can indicate the likelihood that you have this disease. For example, vaginal bleeding outside of menstruation or after sexual intercourse can be a sign of cervical and endometrial cancer.
There may be symptoms of cancer that are not mentioned above. Therefore, immediately consult a doctor if you suspect that a change that is not natural to your body as the early detection of this disease. The more the disease is detected early, the chances for recovery also will be even greater.
When should I see a doctor?
If you experience any signs or symptoms of cancer mentioned above or have any questions about the symptoms of the disease, should the ruling consult on your doctor. Everyone's body reacts differently. It is always better to discuss what is best for your situation with your doctor.
What causes cancer?
The most common causes of cancer is a change (mutation) in the gene in the cell. In genes, contained thousands of DNA which will give instruction on the cell to perform its function in the cell organs, a place to live.
Then the cell nucleus that became home to thousands of these genes will determine what type of cell a particular body organ, when cells need to divide themselves, and which cells should die and be replaced.
Unfortunately, this process does not always run perfectly. When the cells do divide, there is a risk that new cells are born from the Division contains the faulty gene or duplicated too much. Changes in the structure of the genes in these cells are referred to as gene mutation.
When gene mutation occurs, cells already can no longer receive orders and instructions from the central system so that these cells will grow out of control and produce abnormal proteins. Abnormalities in the protein produced will increasingly trigger cell division new cells with genes that are not perfect. In other cases, a protein that is needed to stop the birth of new cells thus not produced at all.
Typically, a new gene mutation will potentially cause cancer if there is more than five times and involves different genes. This process can take up to years until the cells divide and the cancer cells form large enough. It wasn't until symptoms start to appear and the cancer cells appear when your body checked.
However, in the case of children, damage genes has happened since in the womb or at birth. So, they did have a congenital gene that is defective in the body's cells so that the process of the formation of cancer do not need a long time.
In General, there are two factors cause cancer most often occurs, namely:
• Internal factors. You may be born with a genetic mutation that is inherited from your parents. This type of mutation is responsible for a small percentage of this disease.
• External factors. Most of the gene mutation occurs after birth and is not inherited. A number of factors can cause gene mutation such as smoking, radiation, viruses, cancer-causing chemicals (carcinogens), obesity, hormone, chronic inflammation and lack of exercise.
Scientists do not know how many mutations would have to accumulate so that could be the cause of cancer. However, scientists believe that the cause of cancer will vary on each person depending on the type of cancer that affects them. Consult your doctor to find out the causes of cancer are more complete. By knowing the different factors cause cancer allows for lowering the risk you are exposed to this disease in the future.
The risk factors
What increases the risk of disease I have cancer?
There are many factors that increase the risk You are exposed to the disease, such as:
• Age. This disease can take many years to grow. Therefore, most people who are diagnosed with the disease were aged 65 years or older. However, this disease is not a disease exclusively for adults. Because this disease can also be diagnosed at any age.
• Bad habits. Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, excessive sun exposure, obesity, and unsafe sex could be cancer-causing factors.
• Family history. In many cases, these diseases to its decline. Then, you have to undergo a genetic test for prevention of further. However, by having a genetic mutation-derived does not mean you will be exposed to this disease.
• Health conditions. Some of the chronic health conditions such as ulcerative colitis can increase the risk of the emergence of real disease is a particular type of.
• Environment. Harmful chemicals like benzene and asbestos in the home or workplace can be a factor that increases the risk of this disease. Even if you don't smoke, you could inhale smoke if it is to be around people who smoke or live with someone who smokes.
Drug Treatment & Medication
How is cancer diagnosed?
It is extremely advisable to diagnose the disease as soon as possible to get the best opportunity for healing, especially at the early stage. The doctor may use one or more approaches to diagnose this disease. Some tests are commonly done doctor to diagnose this disease include:
• Physical examination. Doctors may be doing anal plug if suspect you're having this disease in the bowel or prostate. Other methods of the physical examination may also be conducted to clarify the diagnosis disease doctor-patient.
• Laboratory tests. The doctor will likely do blood tests for the patient's health to describe overall and whether an abnormality is detected.
• Imaging Tests. A variety of Imaging tests such as PET scans, MRI, x-rays, ultrasound, and CT scans can be used to find out if the disease has spread.
• Biopsy. This procedure is done by lifting a small part of the network to be checked with a microscope. Samples taken in a biopsy is then analyzed by a pathologist. He will evaluate the cells, tissues, and organs in the laboratory test to determine the diagnosis of illness experienced by the patient.
What is the cure for cancer?
Cancer drugs essentially depend on the type and stage of the disease, the potential side effects, as well as the choice and the general health of the patient. In General, here are some of the most common cancer drug:
1. Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is a treatment that uses chemical substances with strong intensity to kill cells that grow quickly on the body. The most commonly used chemotherapy as a cancer drug, because the disease is growing faster than the normal cells in the body.
Chemotherapy drugs can be used alone or combined as a cancer drug. Chemotherapy is an effective way to treat many types of this disease but have the risk of side effects also have to look out for.
2. Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy is a treatment relying on the way of radiation by using high energy waves such as x-rays, gamma, protons, and electrons to kill cancer cells. Although radiotherapy is most often used as a cure for cancer, sometimes this therapy is also used to treat patients who are not exposed to these diseases, such as tumors and disorders of the thyroid gland.
3. Target therapy
Target therapy is a therapy that uses drugs or other chemicals to identify and attack specific cancer cells without killing normal cells. These therapies include:
• Monoclonal antibodies
• Inhibitor of tyrosine kinase
• Cyclin-dependent kinase PIs (an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase)
Therapies used can be any combination of multiple therapies. Consult your doctor for the therapy and cancer drug is right for you. Any treatment of this disease has different side effects. Consider the risk consumption of cancer drugs with your condition.
Treatment at home
What are the changes in lifestyle or home-based treatment that can be done to overcome the disease of cancer?
The following lifestyle changes can help you prevent and cope with cancer:
• Do not smoke. Cigarette smoking has been associated with various types of this illness — including lung, mouth, throat, larynx, pancreas, bladder, uterus and kidney.
• Eat a healthy diet
• Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables.
• Limit your processed meats.
• Keep a healthy weight and are physically active. Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of various types of diseases, including breast, prostate, lung, colon, and kidney.
• Protect yourself from the Sun.
• Get regular medical care.
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